![]() Protein molecules are a part of the basic building blocks of cellular structure, and they facilitate metabolic reactions for the maintenance, growth, and proliferation of cells. ![]() 1, 2Īs stated above, DNA contains the information for the construction of protein molecules, linear chains of basic biochemical molecules called amino acids. Each individual typically has two alleles for each gene, with some exceptions. An allele is a particular form, or version, of a gene. Genes are segments of the DNA molecule that contain the information for constructing a particular protein (sequence of amino acids), dictated by their unique sequence of nucleotides. Girls have two X chromosomes (denoted XX), whereas boys have one X and one Y (denoted XY). They are numbered from 1 to 22, with an additional, 23rd, pair of sex chromosomes, denoted X and Y. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 chromosomes total) distinguished by their unique size and shape under a microscope. Chromosomes come in pairs, one from each parent. 1, 2ĭNA is contained in chromosomes, complex structures located within the nucleus (central area) of cells. Further chemical interactions between individual nucleotides cause this entire assembly to adopt its unique helical shape. As such, the two strands interlock, or hybridize, with each other. In a complete, double-stranded DNA molecule, each cytosine on one strand is aligned with a guanine on the other, and each adenine nucleotide on one strand is paired with a thymine on the other. Due to the inherent chemical properties of these individual nucleotides, adenine and thymine have high affinities and attract one another (bond) when in proximity, as do cytosine and guanine. There are four types of nucleotides in DNA: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). The DNA in our cells is arranged as two helical strands of linearly-arranged chains of building blocks called nucleotides. DNA contains the information for constructing protein molecules that catalyze the cascade of biochemical reactions that govern the body’s growth and development as well as serving as some of the basic building blocks of cellular structure.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply.AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |